How can we look at the same dataset and come to wildly different conclusions?

Image by Ludomił Sawicki on Unsplash
Recently, a study came out where 73 research teams independently analyzed the same data, all trying to test the same hypothesis. Seventy-one of the teams came up with numerical results across a total of 1,253 models. Across these 1,253 different ways of looking at the data, about 58% showed no effect, 17% showed a positive effect, and 25% showed a negative effect. But that's not even the oddest part.  The oddest part is that despite a heroic attempt to do so, the study authors failed to...
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